ABSTRACT
AIM: To determine prospectively the long-term evolution of patients with neurological diseases after insertion of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG). METHODS: 109 PEG were performed in 99 consecutive patients (49 females, 50 males), mean age 75 years (range: 20-97 years) as an alternative to a nasogastric tube. Patients were enterally fed because of chronic neurological swallowing difficulties: cerebrovascular disease 38, dementia 27, disordered swallowing mechanisms in elderly patients 10, motor neurona disease and multiple sclerosis 10, neuro-surgical disease 6, Parkinson's disease 3, brain tumor 3, neo-natal encephalopathy 1, HIV encephalopathy 1. The procedure took place in a dedicated endoscopy room. In all cases, prophylatic antibiotics were given and the PEG tube was inserted by the "pull" technique. RESULTS: PEG insertion was technically succesful in all cases. After PEG insertion, all patients were subsequently discharged to local nursing home facilities. 85/99 patients were long-term followed-up on an outpatient basis, 25% of them were followed for more than a year. The mean follow-up time was 3 months (range: 1-24 months). The most frequent complication were minor: local wound infection 6, ostomy leakage 8, silicon degradation 16, leading to the removal of the PEG and the placement of a new PEG tubes in 10 cases. Two major complications were observed : one gastric perforation and death 2 months after the PEG placement and one gastrocolic fistula. No aspiration pneumonia was reported. In one patient, PEG was removed after recuperation of a normal swallowing. All patients had a nutritional improvement. A total of 11 deaths occurred during the follow-up, related to the neurological disorder in 10/11 cases. Nursing home team, patient's physicians and patient's families found PEG manipulations easier than naso-gastric tube. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that PEG is a method of choice for enteral feeding of patients with chronic neurological disorders. PEG is well-tolerated, leading to an improvement in nutritional status and offering good facilities for home nursing.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Deglutition Disorders/therapy , Gastroscopy , Gastrostomy/methods , Nervous System Diseases/therapy , Multicenter Studies as Topic , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Enteral Nutrition , Follow-Up Studies , Gastrostomy/adverse effects , Gastrostomy/standards , Nervous System Diseases/complications , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
La Gastrotomía Endoscópica Percutánea (GEP) tiene ventajas sobre la gastronomía a cielo abierto. La experiencia con 79 niños durante un período dee 4 años nos permitió identificar una serie de poblemas técnicos asociados a la inserción del tubo percutáneo y otras complicaciones del procedimiento que incluyen: infección en la herida, desgarro esofágico durante la extracción de la guía de alambre, perforación del colon, desplazamiento del retén interno, erosión de la mucosa gástrica y reflujo gastroesofágico sintomático subsiguiente a la GEP. Muchas de estas complicaciones pueden ser evitadas siguiendo una técnica precisa de inserción